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By Philip Thomas – Senior Consultant, Advisory

Increasing demand for specialist knowledge across a range of industries means that generalist consulting firms are having to adapt in order to compete. The solution of choice is an increase in the hiring of specialist talent. This calls for evolution not revolution. Firms that evolve successfully and first will be well placed to be at the front of the race for such talent.

An increasing demand for specialisation

Across all major industries, businesses are hurting from a severe lack of internal specialist expertise. The open labour market is unable to satisfy their need for talent. As a result, they turn to consulting firms and demand ever-increasing levels of specialisation to ensure the quality of the tailor-made solutions required. For consulting firms, client impact increasingly requires deep knowledge in niche areas such as digital, blockchain, cybersecurity, climate and sustainability, data science, etc.

Specialist consulting firms, by their nature, may be well placed already. Generalist consulting firms, however, need to react if they have not already done so.

Tapping into the specialist talent pool

Not all personalities suit the traditional generalist consultant role. Requirements to resolve poorly defined problems, to be flexible enough to fill any resource gaps and to work towards leadership positions where people management and dealing with the unknown is a common theme is not only not suitable but also simply not desirable for some individuals. Many such individuals are actively searching for a different career path and they may well be looking to specialise.

Specialists (also sometimes referred to as experts or subject matter experts), with their deep subject knowledge, have strong problem-solving abilities with respect to their speciality. By nature of experience and proven, known solutions, their approach to work is streamlined and efficient. Given their subject matter passion, they actively seek specialist roles that suit their skills, interests and career goals best rather than force fitting themselves into alternative career scenarios they may consider less satisfying.

When given the opportunity to do so, specialists find places to excel. They find a home where their talents thrive and their subject matter passion can be nurtured and maximally leveraged.

Leading generalist firms are already evolving

A number of generalist consulting firms, ahead in the rapidly advancing game, have already partially evolved. They have recognised that no single career path suits all possible talent. Such firms are becoming more flexible and creative with respect to offering differing, alternative types of careers.

Specialist career tracks are now being offered by increasing numbers of generalist consulting firms, as well as many of the top-tier strategy-oriented firms, including Bain, BCG and McKinsey. These specialist tracks typically differ from generalist tracks in a number of ways, including:

Less client-facing time: Specialists are typically less client facing than generalists, often working across multiple project teams while focussing on the same topic.

Career path: The path to partnership is not yet common. In many cases Specialists will not have a path to partnership. In these cases, career levels before partnership are viewed as landing positions and this was historically accepted by the incumbents. However, with the large increase in the number of specialists working for consulting firms, more and more firms are developing specific tracks, which do provide specialists with a path to partnership.

Progression timeline: The timelines for progression on specialist tracks are less rigid. There is often no up-or-out policy. Actual timelines can vary considerably from very quick to relatively slow.

Performance evaluation: While performance expectations are broadly similar to generalists (i.e. utilisation), a specialist’s knowledge and expertise form a much more significant portion of their evaluation and therefore more heavily influence their ultimate success.

Pay: Many firms offer comparable pay. However, specialists carry high credibility due to their deep level of knowledge and experience. This may allow consulting firms to charge higher fee rates for specialist services, so in some cases specialists are able to demand higher salaries. Interestingly, at the most ‘senior’ career levels, specialists may currently lag behind their generalist peers.

Aside from dedicated specialist tracks, many firms are also hiring more specialist consultants but on generalist tracks while allowing for increased specialisation.

Challenges on the road to specialisation

Generalist consulting firms wanting to catch up with the trail blazers are faced with two key and immediate challenges. Those being the limited supply of specialist talent and the need to evolve in order to attract and retain such talent.

Key Challenge #1: The race for specialist talent is already well under way with some firms setting an early pace while others are yet to leave the starting blocks. The mad dash to the always moving finish line is yet to begin. When it does, the intensity of the race will rapidly increase as more and more firms attempt to attract talent from a decreasing supply of specialists.

The longer firms wait, the harder it will become for them to secure the talent they need to compete. To compound the problem, once the supply of specialists starts to run dry, it may take significant time before it is replenished considering the time and effort it takes to reach a certain level of specialisation.

Key Challenge #2: Generalist consulting firms need to become more attractive to specialists. Firms will need to evolve in order to attract the increasingly confident and vocal specialist labour force. Robust and competitive specialist career tracks, sufficiently attractive to specialists but not to the detriment of generalists, must be created and installed. Informed action by firms should be decisive and taken before too long or they may get left behind.

Some firms have a healthy head start with their evolution in this respect. However, with such a dynamic situation, even those that have paved the way so far would do well not to rest on their laurels. We also believe signals coming from the labour market show that candidates are demanding more bespoke career tracks beyond the existing generalist track.

In short, consulting firms should not be asking what specialists can do for them, but what they can do to become attractive to the specialists.

Evolution not revolution

The foundations built on generalist consultants are solid and the demand for the broad expertise of generalists will not disappear. Client demand for specialisation, however, does necessitate the evolution of generalist consulting firms. They will need to evolve by harnessing the power and deeper expertise of specialist consultants. Those firms that fully embrace the importance of specialists and those firms that make themselves more attractive to specialists by offering desirable and specific career tracks will have a major advantage in an increasingly competitive race.

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^{Note: We use the term specialists in this article for simplicity and to avoid inferring that generalists are not experts in their own way.}

For more information on this topic or on how you may successfully respond to the issues raised in this article, please contact Vencon Research – as always, we are happy to assist you.

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By Andy Klose - Associate Partner

In this series of articles, we are highlighting an aspect of remuneration strategy that is often not given sufficient attention: The ratio of fixed and variable pay to total cash compensation (also known as "pay mix").

In Part 1 of this series, we explained why the pay mix can be the defining differentiator, particularly from the perspective of attracting and retaining employees.

In this Part 2 we will discuss how pay mix affects the financials of firms, especially with regards to personnel costs. In the upcoming Part 3 we will examines how pay mix should be adjusted in relation to the total cash compensation offered and how benchmarked market percentiles are the most effective indicator of competitive positioning. And, in the final Part 4 we will assess how pay mix may influence firms’ culture and performance, we will examine how pay mix may influence firms’ culture and performance.

Part 2: Bottom line up front:

The higher the total cash compensation, the higher the variable pay as a proportion of total cash compensation (or in other words, the pay mix is "riskier" because a larger proportion of pay is performance related). In companies with a well-designed performance appraisal system, underperformers may "finance" the additional variable pay needed to reward overperformers. But the cost effect is only one consideration: companies will achieve significantly better overall results if more employees over-achieve their targets, which will also have a positive impact on the bottom line.

Introduction

For professional services firms in particular, hiring the right people, motivating them to perform at their best and retaining top talent are critical to success.

In an ideal world, the solution would be very simple: companies pay their employees the highest salary relative to all other “competitors for talent” (which could be market participants within the same industry, but also in other sectors) in the hope of attracting and retaining the best performing employees in the market.

In the real world, however, the interests of stakeholders other than employees, such as the owners of the company, stand in the way: owners are interested in sustainable profits and above-average growth rates, and are therefore generally only prepared to pay above-average salaries to employees if they also perform exceptionally well.

Pay mix as a means of offering higher total cash compensation

For this reason, higher pay - in certain jobs - is usually strongly or directly linked to the achievement of results and performance. In professional services firms, especially for client-facing or sales staff, this is often achieved through variable pay components such as bonuses.

Generally, there is an inverse relationship between the amount of total cash compensation and the ratio of fixed to variable and total cash compensation (hence, the pay mix): The higher the total cash compensation, the higher the variable pay relative to base salary and total cash compensation (or in other words, the “riskier” the pay mix).

The following example (Table 1 and Exhibit 1) illustrates this: Assume that the following three offers relate to comparable positions with comparable future prospects and development opportunities, etc., offered by three comparable companies with similar brand, status, market and growth prospects, etc.:

In the example above, Firm 1 offers the highest total cash compensation (100) with the lowest base salary (60) and the highest ratios of variable pay to base salary (67%) and variable pay to total cash compensation (40%). On the contrary, Firm 3 offers the lowest total cash compensation (90) with highest base salary (70) and the lowest ratios of variable pay to base salary (29%) and variable pay to total cash compensation (22%). Firm 2’s offer is in between the other two offers. In essence, the higher the total cash compensation offered, the more money is “at risk” (due to performance-related variable pay).

Performance appraisal and pay mix

Now, we will take a closer look at how pay mix also affects the financials of companies, especially with regards to personnel costs. The following example (Table 2) uses the same three offers as above:

As illustrated in the example above, when analysing variable pay (which in most cases is “pay for performance”), it is also important to address the issue of performance appraisal. In our practice, we often see that companies are more inclined to use a more sophisticated system to assess individual performance when variable pay is more relevant, i.e. higher in relation to base salary and/or total cash compensation. On the other hand, companies tend to spend less time assessing individual performance when variable pay is relatively low (or some companies do not offer variable pay based on individual performance at all, but rather, for example, a bonus based on company results or performance).

The amount of effort put into individual performance appraisals has an impact on the outcomes for both the employee and the organisation: A more detailed performance appraisal may also lead to more diverse performance outcomes, i.e. performance outcomes may look rather “bell-curve” shaped, i.e. some high performers, many on target performers and some low performers. Less sophisticated performance appraisal systems on the other hand will often lead to more heterogeneous performance results (i.e. a narrower but steeper bell-curve with fewer high and low performers). And, in companies where individual performance is not assessed, there will be no differentiation at all. Accordingly, the expectation is that all employees will have the same level of variable pay (or bonus).

In the example above, assuming that all employees perform at 100% of their targets, Firm 1 is expected to have the highest total personnel costs, Firm 3 the lowest and Firm 2 in between. On the other hand, the more sophisticated the performance appraisal, the greater the potential to differentiate between employees and thus “optimise” personnel costs, while still paying good and exceptional performers according to their contribution.

More diverse distribution of performers in performance appraisal

On the other hand, from the company’s point of view, a more differentiated assessment of individual performance usually results in a potentially wider range of variable pay costs, i.e. if more employees over-achieve their targets, the company will have to pay out more variable pay. Conversely, if more employees do not achieve their targets or under-achieve, the company will have to pay out less variable pay. Compared to the example above where all employees meet their targets, there may be a “cost optimisation” effect, i.e. part of the variable pay may be “saved” as a result of some employees’ underperformance, which can be paid (in part) to the overperformers. Based on the same three offers from the previous example, the following example (Table 3) examines three scenarios in which the distribution of achievers is changed:

In the example above, Firm 1 uses a more detailed performance appraisal, which is likely to result in more diverse performance outcomes: more high performers, less on target performers and more underperformers compared to Firm 2. In the case of Firm 3, where individual performance is not assessed, there will be no differentiation at all.

Obviously, Firm 1 has the highest variance in its total cost of variable pay (from 360 to 440 in the three scenarios). Company 2's variance in terms of total variable pay costs is lower than Firm 1's (from 270 to 330) and Firm 3 will not see any change in its budget if the performance of individuals changes. This also means that Firm 1 and Firm 2 can “save” up to 10% of their variable pay budget if more people underperform (which is by no means a target, but if it happens, it also saves money).

Personal performance and pay mix affect personnel costs

Since base salary is a “fixed” component of personnel cost, variable pay is the only component which may fluctuate according to distribution of performers, and thus, so will the total personnel cost (Table 4):

In this example, Firm 1’s total budget for personnel costs will vary the most (between 960 and 1,040), Firm 2’s will vary a little less (between 920 and 980) and Firm 3’s will not vary at all.

The cost effect is only one aspect: Firm 1 will achieve significantly better results in the first scenario if more employees over-achieve their targets, which will also have a positive effect on the company’s results, growth and so on.

Conversely, Firm 3 has no impact on its personnel costs, regardless of whether or not its employees perform. On the other hand, Firms 1 and 2 may save some personnel costs when employees do not perform.

Finally, all the above concepts are less relevant (or even counterproductive) for “creative” jobs or for jobs where meaningful and measurable metrics cannot be defined (such as some administrative jobs).

In summary, the pay mix can also have significant implications for both the employee (in terms of “money at risk”) and the company (e.g. higher personnel costs if more employees overperform and vice versa). In companies where there are clear performance appraisal systems in place, underperformers may “finance” the additional variable pay needed to reward overperformers. But the cost effect is only one consideration: Companies will achieve significantly better overall results if more employees over-achieve their targets, which will also have a positive impact on the bottom line. On the other hand, no differentiation at all in terms of personal performance can have a negative impact on the “motivation” of high performers (which will be discussed in more detail in Part 3).

We are at your disposal for further questions and suggestions regarding how you optimally design the pay mix (and/or remuneration systems) for your company.

Andy Klose is an Associate Partner at Vencon Research International and heads the firm’s consulting unit.

Vencon Research International is a leading provider of compensation benchmarking and research as well as of compensation and performance-related consulting services for professional service firms, especially for audit and tax, management consulting, and IT services firms. Vencon Research International provides services to a full range of clients in more than 75 countries worldwide and is proud to name more than 85% of the world’s major consulting and/or professional services firm its clients.

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By Philip Thomas - Advisory

The answer could very well depend on who you ask.

With a number of major and mid-size consulting firms recently electing to evolve from traditional partnerships into corporations, debates on the pros and cons of such a move abound. The switch to corporate structure is seen as controversial, if not ill-advised, by many, yet touted as a path to significant growth and shared success by others.

Firms which continue to employ the partnership model will undoubtedly have keen eyes on how firms undertaking the transition develop, while some may even be persuaded into rethinking their own structures.

Below, we take a look at some of the major pros and cons for consulting firms considering the switch to corporation from a traditional partnership.

What are the potential benefits of changing from a traditional partnership to a corporation?

A change to a corporation could stand to benefit a firm, existing partners, entire workforces and future employees in a variety of ways including:

For the firm:

• Tax advantages.
• Possibility of additional capital for investments in growth and other investments, e.g. in Know-How.
• Additional financial flexibility.
• Efficient governance, e.g. allowing leaders to make difficult proactive decisions that otherwise may previously have been held off by the partner collective.
• Attractive means of enticing elite talent to join.
• A chance to realign retirement funding.

For the existing partners:

• Cashing in now, i.e. by selling portions of shares (especially advantageous for the more senior partners).
• Retaining influence.
• Reduction in legal requirements and administration.
• Preservation of limited legal liability.

For the entire workforce including future employees:

• Everyone has the chance to benefit from the firm’s success.
• The best talent will be in a position to benefit early.
• Working together under a ‘one company’ philosophy.

What are the potential drawbacks of changing from a traditional partnership to a corporation?

The prospect of changing from a traditional partnership to a corporation introduces of number of potential drawbacks, including:

• The risks of changing an already advantageous situation. Proven performance, continued growth and the longevity of the traditional partnerships should not be undervalued.
• Losing one of the key drivers of success, that being the enviable partner pay that results from equity-owned or profit-sharing.
• Adding new complexities and fear into the mix. Significant change itself is understandably daunting and often goes hand in hand with doubt and infighting. Not all people and groups deal with change well.
• Dropping a culture and mindset that may be desired by the current workforce. Many of those at the traditional partnerships chose to be there with reasonable knowledge of the existing structure. They may well not wish to work under an alternative structure.
• If the firm goes public, there will be a subsequent increase in administration.

There are also legitimate concerns around the opportunities for additional capital

Additional borrowing or private equity investment are not strictly speaking necessary in order to change to a corporation, however more often than not the opportunity to do so is a driving factor in the move. While the benefits of extra capital are easily deduced, the process can also bring detrimental effects. The concerns here are as follows:

For the taking on of debt:

• Taking on debt is, by its nature, almost always a controversial and divisive topic that may lead to fierce debate among stakeholders.
• Owed money must be paid by the firm (and therefore effectively by employees) at some point.
• Perceptions that existing partners, especially the most senior, are set to cash while other staff are left out.
• May create some level of suspicion and distrust within the firm.
• The firm’s next leadership teams could well feel hard done by leading to high attrition.

For a private equity investment:

• Relinquishing full control of the firm’s strategic direction.
• A period of difficult transition that may lead to dissatisfaction among employees.
• Uncertainty over whether the investors are the right group for the firm in the long-term.
• Financial implications of the new model for the existing workforce.

Time will tell

The change to a corporation could be the catalyst that some firms need in order to step-up and begin to significantly disrupt the status quo in their respective markets. The move is forward thinking, proactive rather than reactive, and bold. It could also find itself aligning neatly with the motivations, ethics and culture of the new generations of workforce.

However, there are clearly legitimate concerns and potential drawbacks that need to be appreciated and taken into consideration. These worries are only heightened when the burden of significant debt is part of the package.

With the pioneers of this transition still at the beginning of their new journey, a final verdict on the overall benefits of a change from a traditional partnership to a corporation will take time to reach. In the meantime, competitors will be keenly watching to see whether recent examples light the way or serve as a warning.

Vencon Research International is a leading provider of compensation benchmarking and research as well as of compensation and performance-related consulting services for professional service firms, especially for audit and tax, management consulting, and IT services firms. Vencon Research International provides services to a full range of clients in more than 75 countries worldwide and is proud to name more than 85% of the world’s major consulting and/or professional services firm its clients.

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By Makar Evdokimov - Data Integrity Senior Associate

At Vencon Research, we pride ourselves on being the leading specialist provider of compensation and pay metrics to the global professional services, management, and IT consulting industries.

In this article we take a closer look at the statistical measures used in our compensation reports to represent remuneration levels in the market. Taken together these ensure accuracy and relevance for a variety of benchmarking purposes.

Mean: a common starting point with considerable limitations

Looking at the average (mean) salary might be the most intuitive way to get an idea about the overall situation in the market. Statistically speaking, the arithmetic mean is an unbiased estimator of expected value, so from a theoretical perspective, it is a meaningful way to describe the distribution of values with a single number. However, in practice, the average may be somewhat misleading, especially when dealing with remuneration.

Even if we compare employees that have very similar scope of responsibilities and hold positions in firms which are direct competitors, the financial compensation may vary drastically from one case to another. Quite often, such a population will include a few individuals whose remuneration is substantially higher than that of the rest of the group. Such incumbents would be the outliers that drive the average value for the population upwards. The average considers all remuneration values in the population, but it may still be considerably higher than the financial compensation of most of the employees. This undermines the ability of the mean to represent the level of remuneration in the market. Therefore, it is common practice to use other, more robust indicators to aggregate remuneration data in a meaningful way.

Median and percentiles: analysing data distribution

The median is the most common measure used when evaluating remuneration levels in a market. While the mean requires an arithmetic operation involving all values in the sample, the median is rather defined by how the values in the sample are distributed across its range. The median value of remuneration in a population is basically such a value that half of the population is paid lower than the median and the other half is paid higher.

The median provides meaningful insight into the distribution of the values and it is more robust to outliers than the mean. This makes it one of the most important measures utilized in our surveys. Nonetheless, a single value can only say so much about a large dataset, so to provide an extensive overview of the market distribution of various remuneration components, the entire percentile range alongside the median (50th percentile) is presented in our surveys. This is especially helpful if your firm is interested in paying employees above or below the market, which means that the target market percentile (TMP) is not the median but a different point within the range. Vencon Research surveys provide all the data and tools necessary for benchmarking against any target - allowing you to select market target percentiles ranging from the lowest 5th to the highest 95th.

Our surveys also display distribution in the form of boxplot visualizations, charts that focus on five data points in the population: minimum, 25th percentile, median, 75th percentile, maximum.

Such visual aid gives a quick understanding of how the distribution is shaped which can become a valuable insight about the market.

Midpoint: a range-focused indicator

The midpoint (also known as the mid-range) is an arithmetic mean of the maximum and the minimum values in the population.

Even though it seems to be a poor measure of the remuneration level in the market, since it is very much not robust to outliers, the midpoint value is a range-focused indicator that can tell you how much the values of remuneration are dispersed in the market.

Compa-ratio: a key benchmark for salary comparison

One of the most useful metrics utilized in compensation benchmarking is the compa-ratio. The compa-ratio is calculated as your firm’s pay level divided by the market pay level. The selected measure of pay level can vary: mean, midpoint, median, or any other percentile can be used. Nonetheless, it is most common to calculate compa-ratio based on medians. In this case, a compa-ratio value of 0.85 or 85% indicates that the level of remuneration at your firm is 15% below the market level, while a compa-ratio of 1.1 would mean that your employees are paid 10% more than in the market. The comparative ratio assesses how competitive the remuneration at your firm is and gives a specific quantitative estimate of how far your current pay level is from your target in relative terms.

Our reports include the compa-ratio in interactive tool format, allowing you to select the target market percentile with which to compare your firm’s compensation. This allows you to quickly interpret the difference between your firm and the market pay rate at any level or sub-level, across while targeting any point on the entire percentile range.

Actionable statistics for accurate and goal-oriented benchmarking

In our comprehensive compensation benchmarking surveys, Vencon Research utilizes these statistical measures to deliver precise and insightful analyses. By comparing your firm’s pay levels with market data, you can determine how competitive your compensation packages are. At Vencon Research, we are dedicated to providing our clients with the tools and insights needed to make informed decisions about employee compensation. Our meticulous approach ensures that you have the most accurate and actionable data at your fingertips, helping you maintain a competitive edge in the market.

To find out more about our surveys and our benchmarking methodology do not hesitate to get in touch. Our team is always ready to provide personalized assistance to meet your specific needs.

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By Irina Kvirikadze - Senior Manager Data Integrity

Competitive compensation packages play a pivotal role in attracting, retaining, and motivating top talent - essential for delivering value to clients and driving sustainable growth in the consulting industry.

Here, we take a look at expected global and regional salary increases, as well as factors influencing salary adjustment for the year ahead.

Expected Global Salary Growth Projections

Vencon Research’s own findings [i], backed up by other studies [ii], suggest that despite some economic concerns, companies all over the world are inclined to maintain a fairly aggressive approach towards compensation.

Among the primary factors for increasing salary budgets are inflation and cost of living adjustments. Inflationary pressures and rising costs of living have compelled consulting firms to review and adjust their compensation structures accordingly. Expected salary increases in 2024 are, partially a response to inflationary trends to maintain the purchasing power of their employees.

Salary increases and inflation rates exhibit significant variation across countries, yet this overarching trend is observable in many, though not all, countries. According to Vencon Research findings (see Figure 1), average global salary rises in 2024 is 5.2% and inflation rate 3.3%. It's important to highlight that in 2023, salary increases outpaced inflation [iii], and this trend is likely to persist into 2024.

Salary increases can vary depending on the geographic location of the consulting firm within a country and its employees. For example, consultants working in major metropolitan areas with higher costs of living may receive larger salary increases compared to those in smaller cities or rural areas. Consequently, each country [iv] and region should be assessed independently, given the significant disparities in economic conditions. The subsequent section will provide further exploration into expected salary increases at both regional and national levels.

Expected Regional and National Salary Growth Projections

Regional salary increases in 2024 vary from 5% to 5.4% and inflation rates from 2.8% to 3.8% (see Figure 2). In Europe, salary increases vary between 2% to 10.4% and inflation rates from 1.9% to 6.6% (see Figure 3). In Belgium, as the inflation rate stabilizes, salary increases for 2024 are projected to decrease to 4.9% compared to the previous year's increase of over 11%, which was influenced by wage indexation tied to inflation [v]. In Germany expected salary increase is 4.4%, in France 4.1%, in Spain 3.9% and in the United Kingdom 4.8%.

In countries with high inflation rates such as Türkiye, where the predicted inflation rate for 2024 exceeds 50%, the expected salary increase stands at 45.4%[vi]. Nevertheless, companies are implementing additional measures such as frequent salary adjustments and issuing payments in foreign currencies.

In the Americas, encompassing both North and South America, projected salary increases stand at 5.3%. Excluding Argentina, a country experiencing hyperinflation, the highest average salary increases in this region are anticipated in Brazil (6.3%) and Colombia (10.1%) (see Figure 4).

In Canada and the United States of America (USA) expected average salary growth rates are 4% and 4.3% respectively.

It is essential to acknowledge that the anticipated economic growth of individual countries is an also an influential factor. The United States of America holds a central position in this regard, owing to the size and resilience of its market. Furthermore, certain US companies boast sales figures that surpass the gross national product of entire countries. Increasingly, attention is shifting towards APAC (Asia Pacific) while diminishing emphasis on Europe. This transition is further accelerated by sluggish economic growth in Europe and notably in Germany [vii].

According to the Vencon Research study, it is anticipated that a majority of locations in the APAC region will either maintain or surpass their real salary growth rates from 2023 in the year 2024 (see Figure 5). China is anticipated to maintain one of the lowest inflation rates at 1.7% in 2024, trailing only behind Taiwan and Thailand in this region. Despite this, it is expected to experience a notable average salary increase of 5.6%. Conversely, India which is poised to lead the way in projected salary increases within the APAC region, with an impressive figure of 9.7%.

As seen in numerous other countries, the anticipated average salary increases in the Middle East and South Africa are poised to remain robust throughout 2024. Projections indicate that pay raises are expected to reach 6% in Saudi Arabia and South Africa, while in the United Arab Emirates, the figure is slightly lower at 4.2% (refer to Figure 6).

It is essential to note that beyond inflation and cost of living, there are additional pivotal factors that drive salary increases within this sector.

Factors Influencing Salary Trends: Beyond Inflation and Cost of Living

Tight Labour Market and Competition

In 2024, the demand for consulting services continues to increase as businesses face complex challenges such as sustainability initiatives, post-pandemic recovery strategies and digital transformation. In this context, consulting firms are under high pressure to attract and retain top talent to meet client expectations. This heightened demand has translated into competitive salary packages and lucrative benefits for consultants.

Today, it's not only the leading consulting firms competing for talent, but also the MAANG [viii] companies, as well as ever multiplying start-ups. This resonates with the "Z" generation, which has its distinct priorities. They are willing to put in the effort, but seek fair and transparent compensation, alongside a work-life balance conducive to family life, within a communicative, team-oriented environment. This trend predominantly impacts consulting firms operating in mature markets, while emerging markets are not experiencing the same degree of impact at present.

Industry Specialization and Niche Demands

Diversity of client specialization and the rapid emergence of new topics with increasingly shorter life cycles have significantly altered the requirements for potential consultants. Specialized expertise and niche knowledge are now more sought after than ever before. Certain specialized areas within consulting, such as technology, healthcare, or sustainability, may experience higher demand and thus higher salaries. Consultants with expertise in these areas may see larger salary increases compared to those in more general consulting roles or general lines of businesses.

Emerging Industry Trends and Consolidation

Emerging trends and innovations in the consulting industry, such as the adoption of new technologies or methodologies, may influence salary increases. Consultants with skills and expertise in these areas may be in high demand and receive higher compensation as a result.

Apart from that, the consulting landscape has witnessed significant consolidation through mergers and acquisitions, with larger firms acquiring boutique consultancies to expand service offerings and market presence. Salary increases may reflect the impact of industry consolidation, as firms seek to integrate talent seamlessly and align compensation structures across merged entities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the dynamics of expected salary increases in 2024 within the consulting industry reflect a multifaceted interplay of global economic factors, regional trends, and industry-specific dynamics. Despite economic uncertainties and inflationary pressures, consulting firms are maintaining fairly aggressive compensation strategies to attract and retain top talent crucial for delivering value to clients and sustaining growth.

Across different regions, variations in salary increases and inflation rates underscore the importance of localized analysis and decision-making. Factors such as tight labour markets, industry specialization, and emerging trends significantly influence salary trends, with specialized expertise commanding higher compensation. Furthermore, the ongoing consolidation within the consulting landscape through mergers and acquisitions has implications for salary structures as firms integrate talent and align compensation strategies across entities.

It is interesting to observe how all the market conditions and factors will influence actual salary budget expenditure across all markets in 2024. However, as the consulting industry continues to evolve, a nuanced understanding of salary dynamics remains essential for sustainable growth and success.  To effectively navigate these complexities and ensure competitive compensation packages, it is imperative to base decisions on the most accurate, pertinent, and up-to-date market data available. Failure to do so will perpetuate the challenges currently faced by employers, ultimately eroding efforts in attraction, retention, and motivation, thereby resulting organizations failing to meet their anticipated outcomes.

For more information on this topic or on how you may successfully respond to the issues raised in this article, please contact Vencon Research – as always, we are happy to assist you.

[i] Vencon Research analysis encompassing more than 50 countries.

[ii] Various inflation forecasting and research firms, incl. Kienbaum, Korn Ferry and Willis Towers Watson

[iii] Bremen, John. "Will Pay Increases Exceed Inflation in 2024?" Forbes, 14 Dec. 2023

[iv] Each country and its profile will be thoroughly reviewed in upcoming briefings from Vencon Research.

[v] Vencon Research. "Belgium's Consulting Industry Braces for Government-Enforced Salary Adjustments" Vencon Research

[vi] Considering hyperinflation and data volatility

[vii] DW News. "Germany's Economy Set for Rough Ride in 2024" DW

[viii] Meta (Facebook); Amazon; Apple; Netflix; and Google (Alphabet)

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By Jalol Khodjaev - Senior Consultant
and Osas Ohenhen - Associate Business Development

Key highlights

The global mergers and acquisitions (M&A) market slowed in 2022 with a 35% drop in transaction values. In this context a significant number of management consulting firms providing M&A services as well as pure M&A advisory firms (hereafter together referred to as "M&A consulting firms") experienced negative financial impacts.

Despite declining revenues, M&A consulting firms were cautious in making immediate adjustments to employee compensation. The surveyed firms made minimal to moderate changes to base pay, with variable pay adjustments fluctuating among firms, mostly due to differences in bonus structures. Adjustments to additional benefits (i.e. equity-related pay, allowances, pension plan, non-cash benefits) were minimal.

In 2023, M&A consulting firms may encounter difficulties in attaining well-balanced compensation for their workforce, as the market remains uncertain due to global recession fears and rising interest rates.

Less than half of the M&A consulting firms surveyed plan to raise base pay for employees, while the remaining firms have no intention to implement changes here.

Most firms will keep performance-based bonuses (Bonus 1) unchanged in 2023. About one-third of firms have no plans to change firm-based bonuses (Bonus 2), while the remaining firms appear uncertain about future actions regarding this bonus. Only few firms intend to increase Bonus 3, which derives from the M&A team’s bonus pool.

A majority of firms (over 70%) maintained existing allowances and pension plans, while a small percentage introduced equity-pay (less than 10%) and non-cash benefits (less than 20%) to their compensation plans.

Introduction

Global M&A activity declined in late 2022 due to economic and financing hurdles, such as inflation, higher interest rates, reduced leveraged finance, bond-market concerns, and the potential for a recession.

Vencon Research reached out to M&A consulting firms operating in Western and Central Europe to understand the impact of the economic and financial downturn on their businesses and, potentially, on their workforce and compensation.

In this article, we will explore the survey’s findings, gaining insights into the approaches M&A consulting firms employed to mitigate the repercussions of challenging market conditions on the workforce. 

Global M&A activities slowed substantially in the second half of 2022

The total value of M&A transactions globally fell 35% in 2022 from 2021’s record high, to USD 3,390 billion (refer to Graph 1.). That is the biggest year-over-year percentage drop since 2001, a year when the U.S. economy slid into a recession and the value of global transactions plunged approximately 50%, to USD 1, 866 billion.

The outlook for 2023 still remains clouded for global M&A business due to global recession fears and rising interest rates as national central banks try to curb the inflation in many regions. The estimated year-end transaction volume for 2023 is USD 2,153 billion, which would be 37% lower than the 2022 values.

Market conditions had varying impact on M&A

Vencon Research’s survey results showed that market conditions have had varying impact on the M&A business of M&A consulting firms. A significant number of firms (> 60%) experienced a slightly negative impact, while a small portion (<10%) reported a very negative impact. Interestingly, the firms involved in transactions ranging between €5 to €25 million and €25 to €100 million were the ones that experienced the highest proportion of negative impacts. Roughly a quarter of the firms reported experiencing insignificant impact.

The majority of participants witnessed a decline in the demand for their M&A services. Furthermore, nearly half of the firms reported a decrease in the number of M&A deals and transactions, while approximately one-third of the firms experienced a decline in their overall M&A revenue. None of the firms reported an increase in their M&A revenue.

Graph 1. Value and number of global M&A transactions [1]

M&A consulting firms cautious in adjusting workforce compensation

Retaining top-performers, ensuring financial well-being of employees, as well as maintaining attractiveness for young talent during such economic and financial turmoil was a pressing challenge for M&A consulting firms, as they were forced to make significant cuts in expenses to minimize the negative impact on the overall health of their businesses. Potentially this included adjustments to employee compensation. As such cuts could lead to growing resentment among employees and a high turnover rate, many M&A consulting firms were rather cautious and selective when making compensation adjustments. 

Adjustments to base pay (fixed salary)

Less than half of the M&A consulting firms surveyed implemented a moderate increase in base pay for their entry to mid-level employees[2], with only a small percentage (<10%) opting for significant raises at this level. At approximately one-third of the firms, senior employees[3] experienced a moderate rise in their base pay. None of the surveyed firms opted to reduce base pay.

However, a considerable number of M&A consulting firms (around 70%) chose not to make any changes to base pay for senior employees, whereas nearly half of the firms applied a similar approach with respect to base pay for entry to mid-level employees. It can be inferred that these firms viewed unstable financial and market conditions as a temporary phenomenon. Consequently, they approached base pay adjustments with caution, recognizing that once implemented, these changes may be challenging to reverse when the situation stabilizes and returns to its previous levels.

Adjustments to variable pay (bonuses)

The survey findings revealed that M&A consulting firms had diverse variable pay/bonus structures. Therefore the adjustments made to this compensation component varied.

For the purpose of this research and for effective comparison, we have defined three types of variable pay/bonus:

Bonus 1 (also known as personal or individual bonus): This refers to a financial reward granted to an individual employee based on personal performance or contribution to the firm. It is typically independent of a bonus pool and is not directly linked to the overall performance of the firm or a specific business area. Such bonuses are awarded based on the achievement of personal KPIs.

Bonus 2 (also known as firm-performance or firm-based bonus): This type of bonus is awarded to an individual employee based on the financial success of the firm. It may be determined by factors such as profitability, revenue growth, or the attainment of other firm-wide metrics. The award can be a portion of a bonus pool allocated to employees or a percentage of the firm’s EBIT or similar financial indicators. The distribution of this bonus category may consider factors such as job role, career level, and other relevant considerations.

Bonus 3: This bonus category involves a share of the overall bonus pool or a separate/dedicated bonus pool specifically allocated to the M&A team. The size of the bonus pool, allocation, or similar factors is typically determined by various criteria, including the successful completion of M&A transactions, meeting or exceeding performance metrics of the M&A team, achieving targets or KPIs, and other relevant indicators.

Note: In pure M&A advisory firms Bonus 2 (firm-based bonus) and Bonus 3 (bonus allocated from bonus pool) are not considered as separate, but rather refer to the same concept.

Among the M&A consulting firms surveyed, Bonus 1 was frequently granted to entry to mid-level employees, while Bonus 3 was more commonly provided to senior employees. A majority of the firms offered a combination of bonuses to their M&A teams. Approximately 40% of the firms provided all three bonus components (Bonus 1, Bonus 2, and Bonus 3) to their senior employees, whereas only a quarter of the firms afforded the same offerings to entry to mid-level employees. Around 40% of the firms offered a combination of two bonuses (Bonus 1+Bonus 2, Bonus 1+Bonus 3, Bonus 2+Bonus 3) to employees in both groups. The remaining surveyed firms offered either Bonus 1 (over 15% - exclusively for entry to mid-level employees), or Bonus 2 (less than 10% - exclusively for senior employees), or Bonus 3 (less than 10% - offered to both groups).

In terms of adjustments to Bonus 1, most M&A consulting firms (above 70%) made no changes, despite the challenging economic and financial conditions. Only some firms (20%) moderately decreased Bonus 1 for senior-level employees. The remaining few firms either made moderate increases to Bonus 1 or implemented significant reductions to it.

As for Bonus 2, approximately half of the M&A consulting firms implemented a moderate decrease for entry to mid-level employees, while around 40% of the firms did the same for senior-level employees. One-third of the firms chose not to make any changes to Bonus 2 for entry to mid-level employees, while around 50% of the firms took a similar approach for senior employees. Less than one-fifth of the firms opted for a moderate increase in Bonus 2 for both groups. A significant portion of the surveyed firms made no changes to Bonus 2.

Finally, for Bonus 3, over half of the M&A consulting firms opted for a moderate decrease for entry to mid-level employees, while the remaining firms maintained the bonus at the same level. On the other hand, approximately 40% of the firms implemented moderate and/or significant decreases in Bonus 3 for senior employees, while the remaining firms made no changes to the bonus for the same level.

Adjustment to additional benefits (i.e. equity-related pay, allowances, pension plans)

Roughly half of the surveyed firms provide additional benefits, either separately or in combination, primarily for their senior employees. Across all surveyed M&A consulting firms, the adjustments made to equity and additional benefits were minimal in magnitude. This can be attributed, to some extent, to the fact that only a small number of companies included these additional benefits in their offerings to the workforce.

Outlook for 2023: expectations and future changes in compensation

The global M&A business outlook for 2023 remains uncertain due to fears of a global recession and rising interest rates introduced by central banks to curb inflation in many regions. This gloomy perspective is unfortunately maintained when looking at statistical data on 2023 M&A activity so far. A report from the GlobalData Insurance Intelligence Center reveals a significant decline of M&A deals by 44% to USD 413 billion in Q1 2023, down from $744 billion in Q1 2022. The year-end deal volume projected for 2023 is anticipated to reach USD 2,153 billion - a significant decrease of 37% compared to the figure recorded in 2022. This indicated that ensuring well-balanced compensation for the workforce may remain a pressing challenge for M&A consulting firms.

Vencon Research’s survey revealed that just under half of the M&A consulting firms intended to raise base pay for entry, mid-level and senior employees, while the remainder had no plans to adjust base pay at any level.

Despite the financial uncertainty, the majority of firms (over 60%) intended to keep performance-based bonuses (Bonus 1) unchanged in 2023.

As far as firm-based bonuses (Bonus 2), many M&A consulting firms (over 60%) did not provide a response. It appears challenging for them to accurately anticipate their firms’ performance in 2023. Nevertheless, about one-third of firms indicated no intention to make any changes to Bonus 2.

In terms of Bonus 3, which is allocated from an M&A team's bonus pool, few firms (<20%) reported an intention to increase it. However, the rest of the firms intended no changes or found it difficult to provide a definitive answer due to the prevailing uncertainties.

Regarding additional benefits, the majority of firms (over 70%) intended not to make any changes to allowances and pension plans, while the rest faced difficulties in providing a definitive answer. However, a small number of firms (less than 10%) introduced equity-pay, and non-cash benefits (less than 20%) as a new component in their compensation plans, while others either didn't offer these components, mentioned no changes, or didn't respond.

Vencon Research Advisory

Should you or your team seek further guidance on how your firm can adjust, or your competitors have adjusted, compensation strategies amid challenging market conditions, please reach out to us here at Vencon Research. We are, as always, eager to assist you and provide valuable insights.

Disclaimer

Please note that the survey insights are based on the analysis of a carefully chosen group of survey participants. Therefore, while the report may provide valuable insights, it is important to acknowledge that it may not offer a comprehensive representation of all M&A consulting firms. However, the information regarding compensation structures, including the bonus pool, remains highly relevant and can still provide valuable insights for a wide range of M&A consulting firms. 

Sources:

1.       The Institute for Mergers, Acquisitions and Alliances (IMAA), https://imaa-institute.org/mergers-and-acquisitions-statistics/

2.       GlobalData Insurance Intelligence Center, https://imaa-institute.org/mergers-and-acquisitions-statistics/

Notes:

[1] Data for 2023 is estimated

[2] Entry to mid-level employees (from Analyst to Manager levels)

[3] Senior employees (from Senior Manager to Partner/Managing Director)

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