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By: Irina Kvirikadze – Senior Manager Data Integrity

The gender pay gap, i.e. the disparity in pay between people of different genders, rightly counts among the leading topics in today’s business world, even more so in Western European countries. In this context, the consulting industry is usually expected to be at the forefront of efforts to ensure greater equality. But what does the data actually say?

In this article we take a closer look at the consulting industry in Western Europe, and explore the issues with and implications of gender-based pay in more detail.

What the data says

According to Eurostat[1], gender pay equity in European countries varies significantly. When examining some of the major Western European countries, the unadjusted pay gap level in France is over 15%, in Germany almost 18%, and in Italy only 5%. According to the government’s 2022 Equality Act publication[2], in the United Kingdom the median pay gap is close to 10%. According to the same report, the gap is much higher in the private sector (which would include the consulting industry).

Overall, the consulting industry is notable for its high salaries and competitive work environment. Moreover, consulting firms working in North American and in Western European countries are often regarded as leading advocates for gender equality and greater diversity. Most of these firms have already implemented numerous initiatives in favour of equal pay across the industry[3].

Nevertheless, according to Vencon Research survey data, which includes both the largest full-service firms across Europe, as well as Europe’s significant boutique firms, women with the same level of education, experience or responsibilities, continue to face salary pay gaps when compared to their male counterparts. Furthermore, there are notable differences between countries in terms of the prevalence of a gender-based pay gap. For instance (as shown in table 1 below) France shows a pay-gap of 18%, the UK of 23% and Germany of 27%. Italy shows the smallest gap of the four countries but remains significant at 9%.

Furthermore, pay gap inequalities appear to be even more significant when comparing the managerial levels and less prominent at non-managerial positions, meaning, as one moves up the consulting career path, the pay gap begins to widen.

In France, for example (as shown in table 2 below), the pay gap at non-managerial levels is 5%, whereas at higher rank positions it is 30%. A similar situation can be found in other countries too, with the UK showing a pay-gap of 12% at non-managerial levels and 33% at higher rank positions, and Germany having the highest pay gap discrepancy at non-managerial as well as at senior consulting levels, 14% and 39% respectively.

Italy again has the lowest pay gap out of the four countries, in managerial positions men earn more than women by 23%. In non-managerial positions however, it seems women earn more than their male counterparts. This ‘negative’ pay gap may be driven by the fact that we have found that women in consulting in Italy tend to have a longer tenure in non-senior roles than their male counterparts.

What are some of the drivers of this issue?

There have been a number of studies that examine underlying factors that contribute to the gender pay gap. As previously mentioned, one reason may be that despite the introduction of antidiscrimination policies, gender biases may still be ‘unconsciously’ applied, meaning women may be overlooked for leadership roles, remaining relegated to lower ranking positions and thus do not have the same access to the more lucrative senior roles with better advancement opportunities.  

Male versus female representation at senior career levels

Vencon Research’s survey data seems to support the notion that women may be staying longer in certain positions. In fact, male consultants typically reach partner level faster than their female counterparts, who tend to take more time off due to family related reasons and may return to work as part-time employees[4]. This, on the other hand, decelerates their promotion to management levels and may also negatively impact their earning capability.

As shown in table 3 below, the number of female professionals in all four countries in this comparison starts to decrease as one moves to the more senior or managerial levels. This on the other hand, highlights the fact that a significant gender imbalance at the higher-ranking positions remains and that female consultants at senior levels are still underrepresented.

Addressing this issue is also essential as studies show that diverse teams achieve greater success[5].  Moreover, in comparison to their male colleagues at the same level, female leaders seem to achieve a greater level of “employee well-being”, which in turn increases retention rates and employee satisfaction[6].

What can consulting firms do to address the gender pay gap?

There are several steps consulting firms can implement in order to narrow or ideally close the gender pay gap in particular at managerial levels.

The first step is to regularly audit and identify within the firm any pay disparities between male and female colleagues. This will help to ensure fair pay as well as increase transparency around salaries.

In order to support women to balance work and family responsibilities, companies can implement more flexible work arrangements such as flexible schedules, instead of a clock-in-clock-out system and offer remote work options[7]. This can help retain talented female employees and on the other hand, ensure that they are not penalised for taking time off for family related reasons.

Furthermore, it is clear that this complex issue requires a multifaceted approach not only from businesses, but society as a whole. However, firms can and should do more to address gender-based unconscious biases in the workplace, through training and educational programmes, raise awareness and promote a more inclusive work culture. Being pro-active in this matter will help managers recognise and correct their own biases and allow them to make promotion or hiring decisions that do not overlook women for leadership positions. It will also help to increase the number of female consultants at managerial positions and thus reduce the gender-based representation disbalance.

Concluding thoughts

Management consulting firms in Western European countries are at the forefront of efforts to promote gender equality measures, however, they still face significant problems in closing the gender pay gap. There are notable differences among countries, but the general trend is the same, at the non-managerial positions pay disparity between men and women is narrower (or even negative) and female consultants are more represented, while at managerial positions the salary gap is significantly wider and women remain underrepresented.

In conclusion, much work remains to be done to ensure that women are paid fairly and equitably and that they are not only relegated to lower ranking positions. By continuing to implement equal-pay initiatives, such as pay audits, flexible or remote work arrangements and unconscious bias training, consulting companies can help close gender pay disparities, balance gender representation at managerial levels and create a more inclusive work place for all employees.  

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Sources:

[1]https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Gender_pay_gap_statistics#Gender_pay_gap_levels_vary_significantly_across_EU

[2]https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/dit-gender-pay-gap-report-and-data-2021-to-2022

[3]https://www.ft.com/content/c8118e14-143e-11e9-a168-d45595ad076d

[4]https://managementconsulted.com/gender-pay-gap-consulting/

[5]https://www.cipd.co.uk/knowledge/fundamentals/relations/diversity/managing-multicultural-teams

[6]https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/diversity-and-inclusion/women-in-the-workplace

[7]https://consultport.com/for-consultants/how-do-we-get-more-women-into-consulting/

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By:
‍Hilmar Albers – Partner
Erwin Harbauer - Managing Partner

In parallel to the positive momentum witnessed in the country’s economic growth, forecasts indicate that Japan is expected to experience a long-awaited boost in wages. However, Japanese consultants can only look forward to a marginal offsetting of the cost of living pressures experienced in the country.

Domestic demand is a major driver of the Japanese economy. Unfortunately, consumer demand had subdued after a decade of ‘Abenomics’ with only disappointing growth in workers’ earnings, compounded by record inflation during QIV of 2022 and culminating in a 41-year-high rate of inflation of 4.3%¹ in January 2023.

While Japanese inflation remains relatively modest compared to the US or the Eurozone, these levels represent a radical shift for an economy that has experienced decades of ultra-low inflation.

Now, despite famously stagnant salaries, Japanese industry has reacted and wage increases are finally on the cards across all sectors. Open source market analyses predict an average hike in salaries of 2.8% (with estimates ranging from 2.5% to 3.4%)².

When also taking the re-opening of the country's borders to foreign visitors since October 2022 into account, we expect such wage increases to spur domestic demand and further stimulate economic activity. We therefore believe that the outlook for the remainder of 2023 is relatively positive for the Japanese economy.

Furthermore, Vencon Research’s survey data shows that the consulting industry is not excluded here and many of our clients have signalled growing order books. However, although consulting firms are also increasing salaries, the expected increases are far from those being offered by the country’s other industries, and average only 1.4%³ across career levels.

Many firms have also planned different levels of increases across their career grades, with a greater concentration on the lower career levels and less relative growth being offered to the more senior Management and Principal levels.

Since consultants already count as high-earners in Japan (as well as in most other countries worldwide), the lower expected salary growth percentages may be less surprising.

On the whole, while the consulting sector itself can hope to profit from a general uptick in economic conditions, Japanese consultants can only look forward to a marginal offsetting of the cost of living pressures experienced by the country.

For more information on this topic or on how you may successfully respond to the issues raised in this article, please contact Vencon Research – as always, we are happy to assist you.

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_{[1] https://tradingeconomics.com/japan/inflation-cpi;}

_{[2] Various inflation forecasting and research firms, incl. Japan Economic Research Center, Kienbaum, Korn Ferry Hay Group, Willis Towers Watson}

_{[3] Vencon Research analysis; Client feedback}

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By Gonzalo Lavín Alfaro - Business Development Team

Belgium’s consulting industry is facing severe challenges as a result of the government's policy of annually adjusting wages based on the inflation index.

The Belgian government enacts a wage adjustment policy each January based on an index of inflation for a specific group of employees to ensure they maintain their purchasing power. However, this cost is passed on to firms, resulting in reduced profitability.

Up to now, consulting firms have been able to offset this cost increase with increased productivity. According to one client in the consulting industry, "when salary costs increase by less than 5%, a similar increase in productivity was normally achievable."

However, the required wage adjustment in January 2023 of 11.08% poses a steep challenge. While some firms have attempted to increase their rates and pass on the cost to clients, many clients are unwilling to accept higher rates and are instead requesting discounts or fewer charged days due to the current economic climate.

In response, firms are considering other measures to address these challenges. One idea is to adjust target bonuses, particularly for workers in higher seniority levels. This would help firms manage costs while maintaining competitiveness but still rewarding lower level employees for their performance.  Another more radical idea, albeit not uncommon in the Belgian market already, is to expand the usage of external contractors as consultants, allowing firms to avoid certain types of taxes and giving them more flexibility in managing their workforce. While this approach may have benefits for firms, it could also have implications for workers, such as reduced job security and fewer benefits.

Should you want to discuss the ideas being considered by your competitors or how you may successfully respond to these challenges, please contact Vencon Research – as always, we are happy to assist you.

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Despite robust earnings in the consulting industry in 2022 and a mostly strong final quarter of 2022, consulting companies are either experiencing a slowdown after just two months into 2023 or have already started adjusting to an expected slowdown in the project pipeline for this year.

Due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the consulting industry has been able to reduce operational costs (e.g., less travel, etc). But what puts additional pressure on margins is that many consulting companies have increased salaries due to above average inflation rates around the globe while billing rates were not (or could not) be increased accordingly.

These factors have compelled consulting companies to re-examine their cost position, e.g. by re-examining their fixed costs, in particular evaluating the value brought by their non-client facing staff.

In the light of this, for industry insiders it is no surprise that e.g. McKinsey is announced cutting 2,000 non-client facing staff, KPMG is laying off up to 700 employees in the USA and 200 in Australia, and EY is planning to cut 400 staff in Germany.

The priorities of consulting companies are now – apart from trying to ensure their consultants remain highly utilised – being set to more strongly focusing on increasing profitability and competitiveness (instead of sheer growth).

For more information on how your competitors are responding or how you may successfully respond to these challenges, please contact Vencon Research – as always, we are happy to assist you.

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PULSE SURVEY: ARGENTINA’S INFLATION AND HR PRACTICES AT CONSULTING FIRMS

Vencon Research’s 2022 Pulse Survey provides an insight into the effects of currency devaluation and inflationary pressures in Argentina. The survey results highlight the challenges faced by firms in Argentina in retaining their employees, and the measures they are taking to address the financial hardship faced by their employees.

1.  HIRING RAMPED UP IN RESPONSE TO INCREASING ATTRITION

 43% of firms reported experiencing an increase in voluntary attrition, which led to a higher rate of hiring to fill vacancies. While this is a concern, it’s reassuring to see that firms are proactively responding to this trend by increasing their hiring efforts.

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2.  RESPONSES FROM CONSULTING FIRMS

A significant majority of the respondents, 57%, reported that their employees are currently facing financial hardship due to inflation and/or currency devaluation. This is a worrying trend, but firms are taking steps to mitigate this issue with all of the firms surveyed adjusting compensation and/or extra payments in the last 12 months. An increase in base salary was the most popular measure taken to adjust compensation (29% of respondents). Additional payments(14%) and an increase in bonus/variable pay (14%) were also popular choices.

3.  DRIVERS OF COMPENSATION DECISIONS

The key influential factors “driving” compensation were identified as inflation (86%),cost of labour (29%), fluctuations in exchange rates (14%), and a rise in the cost of living expenses (14%).

It appears that a significant proportion of respondents (approximately 43%) were unable to make predictions regarding the anticipated situation in the next 12 months in Argentina. Despite this uncertainty, most firms are planning changes to their current compensation model in the coming 12 months, with all proposing to raise the base salary by over 20% and also boost the bonus by 20%.

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4.  REGULAR COMPENSATION REVIEWS ARE ESSENTIAL

Vencon Research’s 2022 “Pulse Survey” highlights the challenges that companies in Argentina face due to inflation and currency devaluation. While the results indicate a worrying trend of financial hardship among employees and an increase in voluntary attrition, the survey also highlights that firms are taking proactive measures to address these issues. With most firms planning to change their current compensation model in the coming 12 months, it’s clear that companies in Argentina need to regularly review and adjust their compensation offerings to mitigate the effects of inflation and currency devaluation.

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Should you have any further questions or would like to receive more detailed information on this topic, please reach out to us at info@venconresearch.com.

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Discover the challenges facing the consulting industry in 2023, including competition for talent, a tight labor market and increasing salaries in response to rampant inflation. Download our summary report for a concise overview of all 19 points.

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